|
Pope Martin V ((ラテン語:Martinus V); January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born Otto (or Oddone) Colonna, was Pope from 11 November 1417 to his death in 1431. His election effectively ended the Western Schism (1378–1417). ==Biography== He was born at Genazzano, the son of Agapito Colonna and Caterina Conti, between January 26 and February 20, 1369.〔His date of birth can be established basing on the following contemporary reports: *In the document issued on January 25, 1391 by Pope Boniface IX he is reported as being in the 22nd year of his life, see (MARTINO V, papa. Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani – Volume 71 (2008) ) *According to the 15th-century librarian of the Vatican Library and author of the lives of Popes Bartolomeo Platina, he died in the 63rd year of his life, see Bartolomeo Platina: ''(The lives of the Popes. )'' London: 1888, s. 212〕 He belonged to one of the oldest and most distinguished families of Rome. His brother Giordano became Prince of Salerno and Duke of Venosa, while his sister Paola was Lady of Piombino between 1441 and 1445. Oddone most likely studied at the University of Perugia.〔[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/papa-martino-v_(Dizionario-Biografico) Page at the ''Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani'', Enciclopedia Italiana.〕 He became apostolic protonotary under Pope Urban VI (1378–89), and was created Cardinal-Deacon of ''San Giorgio al Velabro'' by Pope Innocent VII in 1405. In 1409 he took part in the Council of Pisa, and was one of the supporters of Antipope Alexander V.〔 Later he confirmed his allegiance to Alexander's successor, John XXIII, by whom his family obtained several privileges, while Oddone obtained for himself the vicariate of Todi, Orvieto, Perugia and Umbria. He was excommunicated for this in 1411 by Pope Gregory XII. Oddone was with John XXIII's entourage at the Council of Constance and followed him in his escape at Schaffhausen on 21 March 1415. Later he returned to Constance and took part in the process leading to the deposition of John XXIII.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pope Martin V」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|